Ask any question about JavaScript here... and get an instant response.

How do JavaScript closures work?

Asked on Jun 24, 2025

Answer

Closures in JavaScript are a fundamental concept where an inner function has access to variables from its outer function scope, even after the outer function has finished executing.

<!-- BEGIN COPY / PASTE -->
        function outerFunction(outerVariable) {
            return function innerFunction(innerVariable) {
                console.log("Outer Variable: " + outerVariable);
                console.log("Inner Variable: " + innerVariable);
            };
        }

        const closureExample = outerFunction("outside");
        closureExample("inside");
        <!-- END COPY / PASTE -->

Additional Comment:

The "outerFunction" returns "innerFunction", which is a closure.
"innerFunction" retains access to "outerVariable" even after "outerFunction" has executed.
When "closureExample" is called, it logs both "outerVariable" and "innerVariable".
Closures are useful for data encapsulation and creating private variables.

✅ Answered with JavaScript best practices.

Ask any question about JavaScript here... and get an instant response.

How do JavaScript closures work?

Asked on Jun 24, 2025

Answer

The Q&A Network